Heating load in Minneapolis
A home in Minneapolis has to be heated against a design temperature of −24.4 °C. That figure is measured, not modelled: it is the 1st percentile of daily minimum temperature over 30 years at Minneapolis-St Paul International Ap, 11 km away.
Design temperature
−24.4 °C
Heating degree days
3,410
Coldest month
Jan
Coldest night on record
−35.6 °C
Coldest station in range
−27.0 °C
How many kilowatts
Heating power needed at the design temperature, in kilowatts, for a detached house. Pick the row that matches the building.
| Construction | Detached | Semi-detached | Terraced | Top-floor flat | Mid-floor flat | Ground-floor flat |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uninsulated, single glazed | 28.6 kW | 25.1 kW | 22.3 kW | 24.4 kW | 11.9 kW | 14.6 kW |
| Unfilled cavity, early double glazing | 19.4 kW | 16.7 kW | 14.6 kW | 14.2 kW | 8.6 kW | 10.8 kW |
| Insulated to 1980s standards | 11.1 kW | 9.9 kW | 9.1 kW | 8.5 kW | 6.1 kW | 7.8 kW |
| Modern, roughly 1995-2010 | 6.8 kW | 6.2 kW | 5.7 kW | 5.5 kW | 4.2 kW | 5.0 kW |
| Current building regulations | 5.2 kW | 4.8 kW | 4.4 kW | 4.3 kW | 3.2 kW | 3.9 kW |
| Passive house | 3.1 kW | 2.8 kW | 2.5 kW | 2.4 kW | 1.6 kW | 2.2 kW |
Where the heat goes
For a 120 m2 detached house of this construction, at the design temperature.
| Element | W | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Walls | 3,648 | 33% |
| Roof | 1,066 | 10% |
| Ground floor | 719 | 7% |
| Windows | 2,078 | 19% |
| Thermal bridges | 610 | 6% |
| Ventilation and draughts | 2,944 | 27% |
| Heating load | 11,064 | 11.1 kW |
Calculate it for your own home
The climate half of this is measured. The building half is yours to supply.
Monthly mean temperature
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| °C | −8.7 | −6.2 | 0.7 | 8.3 | 15.3 | 20.9 | 23.5 | 22.1 | 17.4 | 9.7 | 1.6 | −5.4 |
Where these numbers come from
- Measured: the design temperature, the degree days and the monthly means. All of it from one station, Minneapolis-St Paul International Ap, over 30 complete years.
- Assumed: everything about the building. The U-values are typical published figures for each construction era, not a survey of your house. Two houses of the same age and size can differ by a factor of two.
- No credit is taken for sunshine or for the heat given off by people and appliances. That is the EN 12831 convention, because the design condition is a still, dark night.
- This is space heating only. Domestic hot water is a separate load.
- This is a calculation, not a survey. Before spending money, have the building assessed.